Appalachian History Series A county at war with itself By the turn of the twentieth century, Breathitt County, Kentucky, had become a byword for political killings and courthouse cliques. The flashpoint came on May 4, 1903, when attorney and United States commissioner James Buchanan Marcum was shot at the entrance to the Jackson courthouse.

Appalachian History Series How a wagon note, a courthouse ambush, and a hidden rifle shot pulled two Kentucky counties into years of bloodletting until state power forced a weary peace. Setting and background In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the mountain counties of Clay and Harlan balanced self reliance with thin institutions.

Repurposed Appalachia Series Tucked in the quiet valley of the Blue Ridge Mountains, the town of Andrews, North Carolina, offers more than just a scenic rail bike ride—it offers a journey through history. Andrews Valley Rail Tours was launched during the town’s Oktoberfest festival in the fall of 2022, after the Andrews Chamber of Commerce partnered with Judy Fitzpatrick to develop this concept in 2021-2022.

Appalachian History Series On December 30, 1970, a powerful coal dust explosion ripped through the Finley Coal Company’s interconnected Nos. 15 and 16 mines on Hurricane Creek near Hyden in Leslie County. Thirty-eight miners were killed. One man, A. T. Collins, survived after the blast hurled him out of the portal. Another miner, Harrison Henson, was outside the mine when the explosion occurred.

Abandoned Appalachia Series Crossroads in Coal Country Smith Garage once stood at 192 State Highway 72 in Baxter, Kentucky—an unincorporated hamlet where KY-72 meets the old alignment of US-421 at the confluence of Martin’s Fork and Clover Fork, head-waters of the Cumberland River. Mid-century travelers approaching the junction first glimpsed the black-shining Harlan County Coal Monument, a blocky

Repurposed Appalachia Series The Early Years Tucked away in Burke County, North Carolina, the Henry River Mill Village tells a story of industrial ambition, close-knit community life, and cinematic fame.

Appalachian History Series Introduction On the fog‑soaked morning of May 14 1892, rifle‑shots rang out atop Pound Gap on the Kentucky–Virginia line. Within minutes five members of moonshiner Ira “Bad Ira” Mullins’s caravan lay dead, another gravely wounded, and the gunmen slipped into the hardwood forest.

Appalachian History Series Strategic Context By the icy winter of 1863-64, Cumberland Gap in Union hands formed a doorway into the Virginia-Tennessee-Kentucky corner. Acting on instructions from Brig. Gen. Orlando B. Willcox, Col. William C. Lemert ordered Maj. Charles H. Beeres to ride east with four companies of the 16th Illinois Cavalry and a section of the 22nd Independent Battery, Ohio Light Artillery (three guns under Lt. A. B. Alger).

Appalachian History Series Salt, Strategy, and Civil War Kentucky In the fall of 1862, the American Civil War surged into the salt‑rich hollows of Perry County. Confederate armies had just retreated from the state after the bloody Battle of Perryville, yet detachments and partisan bands lingered in the southeastern mountains, hunting provisions the South could no longer import. Chief among those essentials was salt. Without it, armies starved;

Appalachian History Series In the depths of the Great Depression, as rifle fire echoed through Harlan County’s hollows, a four‑page weekly tabloid fanned the flames of war.

Appalachian History Series A Newspaper Born in the Fire of Bloody Harlan In early May 1931 thousands of miners in Harlan and neighboring Bell County, Kentucky, walked off the job to protest brutal conditions and another round of wage cuts.