Appalachian History When the Civil War began, Johnson County sat in the middle of a contested borderland. The Big Sandy River corridor linked the Ohio River to the interior of eastern Kentucky and southwestern Virginia. Control of that valley meant control of roads, river landings, and salt and livestock routes that both armies needed. Most Johnson Countians leaned Union, but loyalties in the hills were complicated.

Appalachian History In the nineteenth century Bath County sat between Bluegrass farms and the eastern Kentucky mountains. The Licking River cut across its ridges. Stage roads carried travelers to a fashionable mineral resort at Mud Lick, later called Olympian Springs. Soldiers on leave soaked in the sulfur water. Families from Lexington hid there during cholera season. When the Civil War came, that quiet county became a corridor.

Appalachian History In the 1860s the old roads through Lincoln County carried more than drovers, migrants, and courthouse crowds. Armies from both sides marched the Wilderness Road, camped around Buffalo Springs, and fought sharp skirmishes in and around Stanford and Crab Orchard.

Appalachian History In the fall of 1861 Rockcastle County stood on the edge of a war that had not quite arrived. The county seat at Mt. Vernon sat at the foot of Wildcat Mountain on the road toward London and the Bluegrass. The Rockcastle River wound through steep hills that funneled travel onto a few narrow crossings. For Union and Confederate commanders studying their maps, those crossings and ridges looked like gates.

From the hilltops around Somerset you can still trace the old roads running toward the Cumberland River and the Tennessee line. In the winter of 1861 and the spring of 1863 those roads carried refugee families, hungry cattle, and two very different armies. Pulaski County sat on a military fault line. Whoever controlled Somerset and the fords of the Cumberland controlled the doorway between central Kentucky and East Tennessee.

Appalachian History On a hot day in late July 1863, a Confederate cavalry column splashed across the Kentucky River at Irvine and rode straight into local memory. The official records would call it a skirmish. The Kentucky Historical Society marker on Main Street calls it the Battle of Irvine and describes it as the only Civil War battle in the immediate area.

En 1905 llegaron a Tucumán (Argentina) tres expedicionarios católicos para relevar las condiciones de vida de los trabajadores azucareros. El viaje les permitió conocer, describir e informar sobre un distante y desconocido mundo sobre el que consideraban era imperioso intervenir para frenar el avance del socialismo.

Though Canadian multiculturalism is often more an aspirational ideal than practice as I’ve found in earlier research (Beattie 2025), as the above quotes shows, the Canadian government have included it as part of their legal code.  It is also the case that Canada is a common location for American media productions and has been for some time (Matheson 2005).

Though perhaps most recently in the public eye due to one of its co-creators’ appalling transphobia, Father Ted (1995-1998, Channel 4) is still considered to be one of the most popular British sitcoms (Harrison 2018).  And it is that aspect of the series, its perceived-British identity, that I shall discuss in this blog.

This blog was originally published on WFTHN As part of my PhD research, which explores and analyses representations of women in the Third Golden Age of Television,[i] I have been watching many female-centric series. During this research, I have noticed the recurring presence of a narratological device that was virtually non-existent before this period: the voiceover.

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